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\begin{document}
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\onecolumn

% !!! IMAGES START HERE !!!

\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline230}%
$V_z$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline232}%
$\delta$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline234}%
$\epsilon$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline238}%
$V_x$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay851}%
$\displaystyle \epsilon$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay852}%
$\textstyle =$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay853}%
$\displaystyle V_x^2 (V_z^{-2} - V_x^{-2})/2 ,$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay854}%
$\displaystyle V_x^2$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay856}%
$\displaystyle (1 + 2 \epsilon) V_z^2, {\rm ~ and }$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay857}%
$\displaystyle V_x$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay858}%
$\textstyle \approx$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay859}%
$\displaystyle (1+\epsilon) V_z .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline240}%
$V_n$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay862}%
$\displaystyle \delta$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay863}%
$\textstyle \equiv$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay864}%
$\displaystyle V_n^2 (V_z^{-2} - V_n^{-2})/2 ,$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay865}%
$\displaystyle V_n^2$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay867}%
$\displaystyle (1 + 2 \delta) V_z^2, {\rm ~ and }$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay868}%
$\displaystyle V_n$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay870}%
$\displaystyle (1+\delta) V_z .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline242}%
$\epsilon > \delta$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline244}%
$\epsilon > 0$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline246}%
$\delta < 0$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline248}%
$V_s/V_p$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline250}%
$V_s$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline252}%
$V_n \leq  V_z \leq V_x$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline254}%
$\delta > 0$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay879}%
$\displaystyle \eta$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay881}%
$\displaystyle (\epsilon - \delta)/(1 + 2 \delta)$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay883}%
$\displaystyle V_x^2 (V_n^{-2} - V_x^{-2})/2 ,$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay886}%
$\displaystyle (1 + 2 \eta) V_n^2, {\rm ~ and }$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay889}%
$\displaystyle ( 1 + \eta ) V_n.$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline256}%
$\eta > 0$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline258}%
$V_z, V_x, V_n, \epsilon, \delta, \eta$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline260}%
$\eta$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline274}%
$V_z, V_x,$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline292}%
$\phi$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline294}%
$V(\phi)$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay912}%
$\displaystyle V(\phi)^{-2}$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay914}%
$\displaystyle V_z^{-2}  \cos^2 \phi
+ ( V_n^{-2} - V_x^{-2} ) \cos^2 \phi \sin^2 \phi
+  V_x^{-2}  \sin^2 \phi ,$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay915}%
$\displaystyle V(\phi)^{-1}$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay917}%
$\displaystyle V_x^{-1}
\sqrt{ 1+2 \eta \cos^2 \phi  \sin^2 \phi +2 \epsilon \cos^2 \phi }$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay919}%
$\displaystyle V_x^{-1}
( 1+ \eta \cos^2 \phi \sin^2 \phi + \epsilon \cos^2 \phi )$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay921}%
$\displaystyle V_x^{-1}
[ 1+ \eta \cos^2 \phi  (1 + \sin^2 \phi) + \delta \cos^2 \phi ] .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline296}%
$v(\theta)$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline298}%
$\theta$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay925}%
$\displaystyle v(\theta)^{2} = V_z^{2} \cos^2 \theta
+ ( V_n^{2} - V_x^{2} ) \cos^2 \theta  \sin^2 \theta
+ V_x^{2}  \sin^2 \theta .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline302}%
$t_0$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline304}%
$z = V_z t_0$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline306}%
$h$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline308}%
$t_h$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay935}%
$\displaystyle t_h^2 = t_0^2 +
\left [ V_n^{-2} + (V_x^{-2} - V_n^{-2}) { h^2 \over {h^2 + V_z^2 t_0^2}}
\right ] h^2 .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline314}%
$h \ll V_z t_0$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline322}%
$h \gg V_z t_0$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline326}%
$V_h(h)$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay946}%
$\displaystyle V_h(h)^{-2}$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay948}%
$\displaystyle (t_h^2 - t_0^2)/h^2$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay950}%
$\displaystyle V_n^{-2} + (V_x^{-2} - V_n^{-2}) { h^2 \over {h^2 + V_z^2 t_0^2}}$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay952}%
$\displaystyle V_n^{-2} \left( 1 -
\frac{2 \eta}{1 + 2 \eta} \cdot \frac{h^2}{h^2 + V_z^2 t_0^2}\right) .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay954}%
$\displaystyle t_h^2 = t_0^2 + h^2 / V_h(h)^2 .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline332}%
$V_n \leq V_h(h) \leq V_x$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline338}%
$\eta = 0$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline340}%
$V_n = V_x$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline362}%
$V_z \approx V_n$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay972}%
$\displaystyle V_h(h)^{-2} \approx V_n^{-2} \left( 1 - 2 \eta \frac{h^2}{h^2 + V_n^2 t_0^2} \right) .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline368}%
$V_z \approx V_n^2/V_x$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline370}%
$\epsilon \approx 2 \delta$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay978}%
$\displaystyle t_h^2 \approx t_0^2 +
\left [
V_n^{-2} + (V_x^{-2} - V_n^{-2}) { h^2 \over {h^2 + V_n^4 V_x^{-2} t_0^2}}
\right ] h^2 .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay980}%
$\displaystyle V_h(h)^{-2} \approx V_n^{-2} \left(
1 - 2 \eta \frac{h^2}{h^2 + V_n^4 V_x^{-2} t_0^2}
\right) .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline372}%
$V_{\rm iso}$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline374}%
$h_{\rm max}$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay984}%
$\displaystyle V_{\rm iso}$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay986}%
$\displaystyle V_h(h_{\rm max})$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay988}%
$\displaystyle V_n \left( 1 + \eta \frac{h_{\rm max}^2}{h_{\rm max}^2 + V_n^2 t_0^2} \right) .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline376}%
$\alpha$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay993}%
$\displaystyle V_n ( 1 + \eta \sin^2 \alpha ) ,
{\rm ~ where ~}  \tan \alpha = h_{\rm max}/ V_z t_0 .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay999}%
$\displaystyle V_{\rm iso}\approx V_x ( 1 - \eta \cos^2 \alpha ) .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay1005}%
$\displaystyle V_h(h)^{-2}
\approx V_{\rm iso}^{-2}
\left[ 1 + 2 \eta
\left(
\frac{h_{\rm max}^2}{h_{\rm max}^2 + V_{\rm iso}^2 t_0^2}
- \frac{h^2}{h^2 + V_{\rm iso}^2 t_0^2}
\right)
\right] .$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay1029}%
$\displaystyle V_x^{-1}$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay1031}%
$\displaystyle V_h(h_{\rm max})^{-1}
\left ( 1 - \eta { {V_z^2 t_0^2} \over {h_{\rm max}^2 + V_z^2 t_0^2}} \right )$%
\lthtmlindisplaymathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_indisplay1033}%
$\displaystyle V_{\rm iso}^{-1} ( 1 - \eta \cos^2 \alpha ) .$%
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$\displaystyle V( \phi )^{-1} \approx V_{\rm iso}^{-1}
(1 - \eta \cos^2 \alpha )
(1 + \eta \cos^2 \phi  \sin^2 \phi + \epsilon \cos^2 \phi ) .$%
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$0 < \epsilon$%
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$\eta/2 < \epsilon  < 2 \eta$%
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$0$%
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$\displaystyle V( \phi )^{-1} \approx V_{\rm iso}^{-1}
(1 - \eta \cos^2 \alpha )
[1 + \eta \cos^2 \phi (1+ \sin^2 \phi) + \delta \cos^2 \phi ] .$%
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$\displaystyle V_n^{-1}
( 1 - \eta \sin^4 \phi + \delta \cos^2 \phi )$%
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$\displaystyle V_n^{-1}
[ 1 - \eta (1 - \cos^2 \phi \sin^2 \phi ) + \epsilon \cos^2 \phi ] .$%
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\end{document}
